Human trafficking and in particular Child
trafficking extracts from academic works.
I DO COLLECT AT TIMES FIGURES THAT ARE
CONTRADICTORY, FROM GOVERNMENTS OR NONPROFITS, FIGURES INTERNATIONAL OR
NATIONAL, OR VIEWED AS MORE OR LESS CONSERVATIVES. CHANGES IN DEFINITIONS AND
YEARS, LAWS AND DATA WILL AFFECT RESULTS.
Child trafficking statistics:
https://www.ecpat.org.uk/child-trafficking-statistics
Global
trafficking statistics
Worldwide, 40.3 million men, women and children were victims of modern slavery
on any day in 2016.
Walk Free Foundation, Global
Slavery Index, 2018
1
in 4 victims of modern slavery in 2016 were children - a total of 10.1 million child victims.
International Labour Organisation,
Walk Free Foundation and International Organisation for Migration, Global
Estimates of Modern Slavery: Forced Labour and Forced Marriage, 2017
trafficking statistics IN THE UK.
10,627 potential victims of human trafficking were identified in
2018 - a 52% increase from 2018.
Home Office, National
Referral Mechanism Statistics: UK, End of Year Summary, 2019
Nearly half (43%) of all potential victims of trafficking -
4,550 victims - were children aged 18 and under.
Home Office, National
Referral Mechanism Statistics: UK, End of Year Summary, 2019
https://www.ecpat.org.uk/child-trafficking-statistics
https://www.nspcc.org.uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/child-trafficking/
Effects of child
trafficking
Trafficking can have both short and long term effects and the
impact can last a lifetime.
Children and young people
who've been trafficked might:
- not
understand what's happened to them is abuse - especially if they've been
groomed
- believe
they're in a relationship with their abuser and unaware they're being
exploited
- think
they played a part in their abuse or have broken the law
- feel
very guilty or ashamed about the abuse they've suffered.
Children are often too
scared to speak out. They might be frightened of:
- what'll happen to themselves, their friends
and their family
- all adults and authorities
- being prosecuted for a crime
- being returned to their home country where
their situation may be even worse
- Juju or witchcraft rituals performed during
their experiences
- judgement from their community and families.
C.ET: stigmatization.
They may also feel very
guilty or ashamed about the abuse they've suffered.
Talk
to children about staying safe
https://www.nspcc.org.uk/keeping-children-safe/our-services/working-with-schools/
- ONLINE
GROOMING
- Gangs
- You can ask your
child's school to book a free Speak out Stay safe assembly for primary school
children.
https://www.nspcc.org.uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/child-trafficking/
It’s estimated that internationally
there are between 20 million and 40 million people in modern slavery today.
Assessing the full scope of human trafficking is difficult because so cases so
often go undetected, something the United Nations refers to as “the hidden
figure of crime.”[2]
C.ET:
definition disagreement, hidden figures, very difficult to gauge.
Estimates
suggest that, internationally, only about .04% survivors of human trafficking
cases are identified, meaning that the vast majority of cases of human
trafficking go undetected. [3]
Human
trafficking earns global profits of roughly $150 billion a year for
traffickers, $99 billion of which comes from commercial sexual exploitation.[4]
https://www.nspcc.org.uk/what-is-child-abuse/types-of-abuse/child-trafficking/
List of Countries by GDP (Nominal)
United States remains the largest economy of
the world with GDP (Nominal) over $20 trillion in 2019. It represents a quarter
share of the global economy (24.8%). China follows, with $14 trillion, or 16.3%
of the world economy. Tuvalu has the world's smallest national economy with a
GDP (nominal) of approximately $42 million. In World Factbook estimates, Niue,
small island nation in the South Pacific Ocean, is the smallest economy with
GDP of $10 mn in year 2003.
https://statisticstimes.com/economy/countries-by-gdp.php
More than 2/3.
Globally,
an estimated 71% of enslaved people are women and girls, while men and boys
account for 29%.[5]
Estimates
suggest that about 50,000 people are trafficked into the US each year, most
often from Mexico and the Philippines. [6]
https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-human-trafficking
In 2018, over half (51.6%) of the
criminal human trafficking cases active in the US were sex trafficking cases
involving only children.[7]
C.ET: maybe due to be the ones
specially dealt with, detected??
Advocates report a growing trend of
traffickers using online
social media platforms to recruit and advertise targets of human
trafficking.[9]
The
average age a teen enters the sex trade in the US is 12 to 14 years old. Many
victims are runaway girls who were sexually abused as children.[10]
https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-human-trafficking
- “Modern Slavery
Fact Sheet.” Anti-Slavery Internationa. Accessed July 31, 2019.
https://www.antislavery.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/Modern-slavery-fact-sheet.pdf.
"2019 Trafficking in Persons Report.” United States Department of
State. Accessed July 31, 2019.
https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2019-Trafficking-in-Persons-Report.pdf. ↩︎
- “Forced Labor,
Modern Slavery, and Human Trafficking.” International Labor Organization.
Accessed July 31, 2019. http://www.ilo.org/global/topics/forced-labour/lang--en/index.htm.
“Monitoring Target 16.2 of the United Nations Sustainable Development
Goals.” United Nations Office on Drug and Crime. Accessed July 31, 2018.
https://www.unodc.org/documents/research/UNODC-DNR_research_brief.pdf ↩︎
- “What is Human
Trafficking.” Californians Against Sexual Exploitation. Accessed July 31,
2019. http://www.caseact.org/learn/humantrafficking/. ↩︎
- “Human
Trafficking by the Numbers.” Human Rights First. Accessed July 31, 2019.
https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/resource/human-trafficking-numbers. ↩︎
- “Trafficking and
Slavery Fact Sheet.” Free the Slaves. Accessed July 31, 2019.
https://www.freetheslaves.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Trafficking-ans-Slavery-Fact-Sheet-April-2018.pdf ↩︎
- “Human
Trafficking Within and Into The United States: A Review of the
Literature.” Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and
Evaluation. Accessed July 31, 2019,
https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/human-trafficking-and-within-united-states-review-literature#Trafficking. ↩︎
- "2018
Federal Human Trafficking Report.” The Human Trafficking Institute.
Accessed July 31, 2019. ↩︎
- "2019
Trafficking in Persons Report.” United States Department of State.
Accessed July 31, 2019. https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/2019-Trafficking-in-Persons-Report.pdf. ↩︎
- “Human
Trafficking Within and Into The United States: A Review of the Literature.”
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation. Accessed
July 31, 2019,
https://aspe.hhs.gov/report/human-trafficking-and-within-united-states-review-literature#Trafficking. ↩︎
- “Hotline
Statistics.” The National Human Trafficking Hotline. Accessed July 31,
2019. https://humantraffickinghotline.org/states. ↩︎
https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-human-trafficking
C.ET: what I meant is that even if they
have the victims in front of them, or have information about the victims, they
won't record it, they won't specify what age, they won't specify what abuses.
even after interviewing people. this data should be recorded but 'has been
lost'. a recurrent situation in social sciences research.
For example, when they interview a
victim, they won't bother record their ages, their conditions.... or they will
record it but when the data is agglomerated within bigger or other surveys, the
ones you get at the end, these data have been lost!!
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
Human
Trafficking is an underground crime, so it’s difficult to measure, and more
research is desperately needed. But we know the problem is real. We know the
problem is big. And behind every estimate is a real person who cannot be
dismissed.
In 2017, the International Labour
Organisation expanded their reporting on trafficking & exploitation (what
they call modern-slavery) to include forced marriage. Under that definition,
40.3 million are estimated to be victims at any given moment.
Under US federal law, all children
involved in commercial sex are victims of human trafficking. Sadly, only about
half of US states have laws that protect sexually exploited children from being
prosecuted for prostitution.
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
AT ANY GIVEN MOMENT, AN ESTIMATED 40.3 MILLION PEOPLE ARE BEING
VICTIMIZED IN SITUATIONS OF TRAFFICKING AND EXPLOITATION WORLDWIDE. 25% OF
THESE ARE CHILDREN. (ILO) the International Labour Organisation.
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
6. IN THE UNITED STATES, CHILDREN OF COLOR ARE ABOUT 4X MORE
LIKELY TO BE TRAFFICKED THAN WHITE CHILDREN.
C.ET: LGBT people are also particularly targeted.
TRAFFICKERS
CAN LOOK LIKE ANYONE AND DON’T FIT ONE STEREOTYPE.
Love146 has connected
with situations of trafficking in which exploiters have been family members,
peers, romantic partners, educators, employers, community leaders, and clergy –
of all ages, ethnicities & genders.
In reality, few trafficked
children are swept off the street and thrown into white vans. Instead, they’re
pulled into a life by traffickers that they may not have words for. Sometimes
they continue going to school, living at home, and participating in
extracurricular activities – even while they are being trafficked.
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
CHILD
TRAFFICKING IS NOT A NEW PHENOMENON, BUT CARING ABOUT IT IS.
Human Trafficking has been happening forever, but only in the year 2000
was it recognised as a crime by the US Government & the United Nations.
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
Child human
trafficking victims: Challenges for the child welfare system
Rowena Fong *, Jodi Berger Cardoso
- most of the
research and resources for trafficking victims have been directed towards
adults rather
than children (Fong,
2010).
- Researchers
agree that there is a growing number of sexually exploited and trafficked
children in the United States (Boxill & Richardson, 2007; Estes &
Weiner, 2002; Spangenberg, 2001).
- yet few
programs emphasize the unique experiences and special needs of this population (Fong,
2010).
- Many
of the domestic victims of sexual exploitation are vulnerable youth on the
street or from the foster care system(Fong, 2010).
- approximately
25% (224) of prostitution cases occurred while the child was living at home,
59% (532) of the children participated in local sex rings run by pimps and 16%
(145) engaged in national sex prostitution rings (Estes & Weiner, 2002).
Estes and Weiner (2002).
- Children who
live close to international borders (Fong, 2010).
Many juvenile
victims of sexual exploitation are funneled
through the
juvenile justice system. They are often arrested on
charges of
prostitution or illegal work (Fong, 2010).
Previous research consistently
demonstrates
the negative impact of child sexual abuse on
child and adult
mental health outcomes. In a recent study of such
abuse victims,
Spatato, Mullen, Burgess, Wells, & Moss (2004)
found increased
incidences of acute anxiety and stress disorders,
affective
disorders, conduct disorders and personality disorders.
Other mental
health problems may include acute post-traumatic
stress
symptoms, low self-esteem, suicidality, poor academic
achievement,
substance abuse, disassociation and poor interpersonal
relationship
quality (Cohen & Mannarino, 2008; Corcoran &
Pillai, 2008).
- Domestic
and international victims of human trafficking are
typically not
eligible for services until they have been officially
classified as
victims of trafficking. This has often been a hardship
for
governmental and non-governmental agencies, who do receive
funding for
services until this classification status is achieved. Once
sexually
exploited youth have been identified, there are few secure
shelters and
treatment programs that can aid in rehabilitation and
reintegration.
Moreover, many shelters and treatment programs
do not provide
services specific to sexually exploited youth (Fong, 2010).
- Human
trafficking victims often
have extra
needs for anonymity in group therapy and fear that
family members
may be harmed because traffickers use death
threats to
enforce compliance (Fong,
2010).
- Many models aim
to accomplish at least one of four goals:
symptom
reduction, destigmatization, increasing self-esteem and
self-concept
and prevention of future abuse (Lev-Wiesel, 2008).
A plethora of
barriers in child welfare and other public systems
impede the identification
of children who have been sexually
abused. To
tackle victim identification, public child welfare
workers and
social service providers need to work closely with
juvenile
detention facilities, court system, emergency shelters, and
school social
workers (Boxill & Richardson, 2005). Until recently,
these entities
were completely unaware that U.S. children were
being exploited
for commercial sex. While awareness of the issue is
still lacking,
successful programs in New York and Atlanta have
helped draw
national attention (Fong,
2010).
C.ET: said to
be unaware, but in fact unprepared and uncooperative, or not disclosing or
tackling.
Few treatment
and social service programs are equipped to
address the
complex needs of children who may have experienced
torture, rape,
drug abuse, trafficking and physical abuse. In
addition, many
of these young women and men must grapple (Fong, 2010).
316 R. Fong, J. Berger Cardoso / Evaluation and
Program Planning 33 (2010) 311–316
The impact;
·
Human trafficking has
surpassed the illegal sale of arms
·
Trafficking will surpass
the illegal sale of drugs in the next few years
·
Drugs are used once and
they are gone. Victims of child trafficking can be used and abused over and
over
·
A $32 billion-a-year
industry, human trafficking is on the rise and is in all 50 states (U.S.
Government)
·
4.5 Million of trafficked
persons are sexually exploited
·
Up to 300,000 Americans
under 18 are lured into the commercial sex trade every year
https://arkofhopeforchildren.org/child-trafficking/child-trafficking-statistics
Joe, I found the figure of 1.2 million you
talked about. They may have kept the number because it is a good poster, or it
is a poster that is old. Under this poster with the figure of 1.2 million they
talk about new figures and nowhere 1.2 million is corresponding to anything- I
wonder whether 1.2 million could be about how many more children have been
abused each year. And therefore it is a figure that is added to the already
existent one.
The most agreed on estimates are 10 million
children worldwide.
Keep in view things are changing, and in
fact they are worsening. -or are they better spotted, better identified,
denounced??…whatever the reasons. figures of identified cases are growing.
CHILD
TRAFFICKING IS NOT A NEW PHENOMENON, BUT CARING ABOUT IT IS.
Human Trafficking has been happening
forever, but only in the year 2000 was it recognised as a crime by the US
Government & the United Nations.
C.ET: This writer is open about having raped
minors, he writes about it.
https://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/25/us/miami-sex-trafficking/index.html
A heavy toll for the victims of
human trafficking
Their descent into prostitution followed different paths but
ended up in the same nightmare: abuse, drugs and fear.
For years, the girls who sell their bodies on certain Miami
streetcorners and in hotels were treated as criminals. But new state laws have
instructed police and judges to look at the wider context and consider them
victims of sex exploitation.
South Florida
is the third-busiest area for sex trafficking in the United States, the
Department of Justice says, and oftentimes it is children who are drawn into
the web without even realizing it.
Once girls
enter the sex industry, their average life expectancy is seven years, with
homicide and AIDS being the top killers, Rodriguez said.
A friend invited her to a hotel when she was 18.
"She knew what was going to happen, but I didn't,"
Samantha said. "I didn't realize it until later."
April has two children, ages 2 and 4, and works as a prostitute
to pay for their needs and for her education, she said.
Initially, it was a boyfriend who get her involved in prostitution.
She was
working as a stripper, she said, when she met the guy, who promised her clients
and money.
"I want to stop," she said.
When?
"If I can find a job."
https://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/25/us/miami-sex-trafficking/index.html
https://www.worldschildren.org/child-trafficking-statistics/
Children are 4 times more likely to be trafficked for labor
rather than sex
Children who are trafficked
for labor purposes might be removed from their families and forced to perform
domestic household services, or work in factories or agriculture.
Though millions of children
are trafficked, there is a much larger number of children involved in child
labor that is not considered trafficking.
There are an estimated 168
million child laborers around the world, with around half of them participating
in what is known as “hazardous work” – work that endangers the child’s
physical, emotional, or social well-being.
55% of victims are women and girls
Child labor makes it
difficult for children to succeed in school (if they attend at all). Lack of
education ultimately limits a child’s lifetime earning potential and keeps them
in poverty, thus perpetuating the cycle for their own children.
https://www.worldschildren.org/child-trafficking-statistics/
98% of victims trafficked for sexual
exploitation are women and girls.
Trafficker Tricks
India is heavily involved in sex
trafficking as a source, destination, and transit country, despite legislation
and increased efforts to combat trafficking. Often, traffickers will come to a
village claiming to be recruiting employees for a large business or
corporation.
They promise job training, excellent
salaries, and the ability to move into higher positions over time. The young
women they lure – generally with their parents’ consent or coercion – leave the
village with these traffickers and find that once they are in a big city they
are sold to a brothel, or otherwise forced to engage in commercial sex work.
If they resist, they risk being beaten,
raped, or killed. Alone and in an unfamiliar place, there is nothing they can
do.
The marriage dowry trick
Or a young man will visit a
village saying he is looking for a wife and that he is willing to accept a girl
without a marriage dowry. The thought of getting a daughter married without
having to pay the typically exorbitant dowry is too tempting for impoverished
families.
The girl is given to the man
thinking she will be married and taken care of, but instead she is whisked away
and forced into the sex trade.
https://www.worldschildren.org/child-trafficking-statistics/
13 sex trafficking statistics that explain the enormity of the
global sex trade
USA TODAY
Sex trafficking is a massive, worldwide
problem that can take many forms.
One of the most prolific: America’s multibillion-dollar
illicit massage industry.
The prominence of illegal parlors and
their ties to sex trafficking
the problem is growing, to as many as 9,000
illicit spas in the U.S. alone.
Here are 13 statistics that help
explain the scope of the problem.
1. There are more than 4 million victims
of sex trafficking globally
2. 99% are women and girls
7 in 10 victims were exploited in Asia and the Pacific region
According to the International Labour Organization report, more than 70%
of sex trafficking victims were located in Asia and the Pacific,
compared with 14% in Europe and Central Asia and 4% in the Americas.
In illicit massage parlors in the U.S., the vast majority of reported
trafficking victims are from China, with a notable number from the Fujian
province in southeastern China. South Korea forms the second highest
group.
1 in 7 reported runways in the U.S. in 2018 is likely a victim of child
sex trafficking
Profits from forced sexual labor are estimated at $99 billion worldwide
Profits are highest per sex trafficking victim in developed economies
Events like the Super Bowl increasingly
are monitored for sex trafficking
Efforts to combat trafficking around
major events have increased in recent years, most notably around the Super
Bowl.
"It's not necessarily about football
or the NFL," Courtney Dow, an outreach coordinator for the Atlanta-based
nonprofit Dream Center, told USA TODAY before Super Bowl LIII in January.
"When groups of men get together, usually trafficking and exploitation
increases.”
Prosecutions of sex trafficking are down
in the U.S.
The State Department’s 2019 Trafficking
in Persons Report found the Department of Justice opened significantly fewer
human trafficking investigations in 2018 compared to 2017, dropping from 783 to
657. It also reported significantly fewer prosecutions: 230, down from
282.
That holds true for cases specifically
focused on sex trafficking. Of the prosecutions, 213 were for sex trafficking,
down from 266 in 2017.
Victims are still arrested for crimes
they were forced to commit by traffickers
The State Department’s report found that
at the state and local level, victims are still being arrested for crimes
they’re compelled to commit such as commercial sex work, including child
victims.
This comes despite a push for “safe harbor” laws, passed in at least 34
states, which are meant to stop child sex trafficking victims from being
prosecuted for prostitution and other charges related to commercial sex.
Professor argues it should be legal for grown men to have sex
with children. Let that sink in.
LET Unity - It's
being called the "Netflix" of the Emergency Responder and Veteran
Community
Play Video
Hubbard
also says that the problem of young boys without fathers might be resolved by
having men have sex with those boys.
In
his writing, this bozo argues that Ancient Greece showed us that “where age
discrepant relationships are commonplace and positively reinforced, they cause
little or no long-term harm to the younger partner and often confer great
benefit,” he writes.
This
was contained in a 22-page article Hubbard wrote for a journal called Thymos,
entitled “Sexual Consent and the Adolescent Male, or What Can We Learn From the
Greeks.”
Hubbard
justifies his sickening position by saying that America “should consider moving
in the direction of what most European states do, which is to maintain an age
of consent of 14 or 15 with special protections against prostitution of those
under 18 or involvement with an adult who is in a position of trust
(family members, teachers, therapists, clergy), he said.
Wow…boundaries.
Shocking actually.
There
are activists on the UT campus who have been trying to get Hubbard ousted from
the university. A student group known as “Fire the Abusers” says that Hubbard
is “guilty” of publishing works arguing that “statutory rape and age of consent
laws are burdens.”
Enter the sick group North American Man/Boy
Love Association, or NAMBLA, a pro-pedophilia and pro-pederasty organization.
Yes, such an organization exists. And to think the NRA receives so much hate.
Enter the sick group North American Man/Boy
Love Association, or NAMBLA, a pro-pedophilia and pro-pederasty organization.
Yes, such an organization exists. And to think the NRA receives so much hate.
Richard Gardner, a clinical professor of child
psychiatry was once quoted as saying, “Society’s excessively moralistic and
punitive reactions toward pedophiles…go far beyond what I consider to be the
gravity of the crime.” He says that pedophilia serves “procreative
purposes.”
French Pedophile Accused Of Molesting 300 Kids Could Be Executed
By Firing Squad
A French man who was traveling in Indonesia on a tourist visa was
arrested by police in the capital city of Jakarta, after he was found sexually
assaulting two young girls in a hotel room. The suspect, 65-year-old Francois
Abello Camille, was accused of molesting and beating over 300 children, after
video evidence was found in possession during the arrest.
In the raid of the hotel room, police found Camille’s laptop
computer, which contained hundreds of videos showing him sexually assaulting
young children.
Authorities find 123 missing children in just ONE day during a
Michigan sex trafficking operation
All of those
children were physically located and interviewed about potentially being
sexually victimized or used in a sex trafficking ring during the time they were
missing.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/12/technology/qanon-save-the-children-trafficking.html
QAnon Followers
Are Hijacking the #SaveTheChildren Movement
Fans of the pro-Trump conspiracy theory are clogging
anti-trafficking hotlines, infiltrating Facebook groups and raising false fears
about child exploitation.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/12/technology/qanon-save-the-children-trafficking.html
QAnon, the sprawling pro-Trump conspiracy
theory.
These people were also disturbed about human
trafficking, but with a dark twist: Many of them believed that President Trump
was on the verge of exposing “Pizzagate” or “Pedogate,” their terms for a
global conspiracy involving a ring of Satan-worshiping, child-molesting
criminals led by prominent Democrats.
My acquaintance is not a QAnon believer. And she certainly doesn’t
think, as some QAnon adherents do, that Hillary Clinton and her cronies are
kidnapping and eating children (yes, eating them) in order to harvest a
life-extending chemical from their blood.
The idea, in a nutshell, is to create a
groundswell of concern by flooding social media with posts about human
trafficking, joining parenting Facebook groups and glomming on to hashtag
campaigns like #SaveTheChildren, which began as a legitimate fund-raising
campaign for the Save the Children charity.
The QAnon
strategy of pushing some unobjectionable, often factual content about human
trafficking in addition to wild conspiracy theories has blurred the lines
between legitimate anti-trafficking activism and partisan conspiracy mongering.
the Polaris Project, a nonprofit organization
that runs the National Human Trafficking Hotline, issued a news release saying its hotline had been overwhelmed with
false reports.
It later published a blog post warning that
“unsubstantiated claims and accusations about child sex trafficking can spin
out of control and mislead well-meaning people into doing more harm than good.”
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/12/technology/qanon-save-the-children-trafficking.html
https://love146.org/child-trafficking-some-facts-stats/
C.ET: this so late onset to start
legislation that tried to apply their principles maybe due to the mafia, maybe
due to the colonialist attitude of the people in power (understand in that,
everyone that may hold and abuse power at every scale and level of the
society), but it might also come from what people often misappropriately
called family values, i.e. whatever happens within close doors will stay
within these doors. Children, individuals, belonged to the church (or to any
other religious apparatus- in islam, hinduism, other religions and sects), to
the family……child could be even when states were concerned be disposed of the
way patriarchy (or matriarchy) found it suitable.
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